Page 48 - Untitled-1

Types of Soil

Alluvial Soil

Alluvial soils are sandier in their
composition. This soil is reddish
brown in color. Alluvial soils are
mainly found in the plains of
northern India. The Himalayan
Rivers, Ganga, Sutlej and
Brahmaputra and their
tributaries have deposited these
soils in the plains of northern
India. These soils have low
phosphorous and nitrogen
content.

Black Soil

Black Soils are made up of

volcanic rocks and lava-flow. It is

concentrated over Deccan Lava

Tract which includes parts of

Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh,

Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat,

Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

It consists of Lime, Iron, Types of soil found in India
Magnesium and also Potash but

lacks in Phosphorus, Nitrogen and Organic matter. Black soils are also known as Black cotton soils.

The colour of the soil is black because of the presence of certain salts. Black soils are generally thin

and sandy in the hilly regions of the country.

Red and Yellow Soil

Red and Yellow soils are less clayey and sandier and are poor in important minerals like- lime,
phosphorous and nitrogen. They are found in areas, which receive low rainfall. They generally
develop on metamorphic rocks. They contain huge concentration of iron oxides that are
responsible for giving the reddish or yellow colour. This soil is mainly cultivated during the
monsoon or rainy season. These soils also develop in Manipur, Shillong Plateau and Mizoram.

52