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2. Through air: Diseases like common cold, flu and tuberculosis are spread through
air, when the infected person sneezes or coughs, the microbes get into the air
and spread to other.

3. Through water and food: Diseases like cholera, jaundice, polio, typhoid and are
spread through contaminated water and food. The stool of the infected person
containing germs which may be carried by water or food to healthy person.
Polluted air, water and soil cause many diseases. So we should understand the
need of a clean and hygienic surroundings.
Now you can understand that proper hygiene in our surroundings can avoid all
the communicable diseases. This prevents the breeding flies and mosquitoes
which carry diseases. It also prevents water and food from being contaminated.

Communicable disease prevention and control

These are some tips to prevent from communicable diseases:-
1. In case of infectious diseases, patient should be kept isolated from healthy people.
2. Clothes and other articles of patient should be kept separate and disinfected.
3. Room and floor should be cleaned with phenyl, dettol etc.
4. Toilets and drain should be washed daily with phenyl.
5. Drinking water should be boiled and filtered properly.
6. Food material should be covered properly.
7. Fruits and vegetables should be washed before eating.
8. Before the meal hands should be washed properly.

Fact An age old cure for headaches and fractured limbs is the turmeric (haldi). It could
Time also keep cancer away.

Let’s
Revise

Ÿ We get energy from the food we eat.
Ÿ A diet is said to be balanced if all the nutrients are present in correct proportions.
Ÿ Water and roughage are also important for proper digestion and other functions.
Ÿ If the nutrients are not in proper proportions, they may lead to deficiency diseases.
Ÿ Diseases are of two types—communicable and non-communicable.
Ÿ Communicable diseases caused by bacteria, virus, protozoa and fungi.

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