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There are some states that lie in the Himalayan area like- Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh,
Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, north of West Bengal and some other north-eastern
states. The Himalayas are made of three mountain ranges namely:
1. The Great Himalayas or Himadri
2. The Middle Himalayas or Himachal
3. The Lesser Himalayas or Shiwalik
The Great Himalayas or Himadri
The Great Himalayas or Himadri lies at the top northern part of
India. They remain covered with snow all the year round. The
snow of these mountain ranges combines to form thick masses of
ice and snow. These thick masses are known as glaciers. The
lower glaciers melt to form rivers like- Ganga, Yamuna, Indus and
Brahmaputra. Annapurna and Kanchenjunga are two high peaks
of this region. Life of people is difficult in the Himadri region as it is
very high. Very little flora and fauna is found in this region.
The Middle Himalayas or Himachal
The Middle Himalayas or Himachal lie just below the Himadri
towards the south. These ranges are not high as the Himadri. They
are covered with thick forests of oak, pine and deodar trees. Orchards
of apple and peach lie below these forests. Towards the east are the
tea plantations. Some famous hill stations lie in this region like-
Manali, Nainital, Shimla, Darjeeling, Gangtok, Mussoorie and Kullu.
The Lower Himalayas or Shiwalik
The Lower Himalayas lie below the Himachal ranges in the
southernmost part being the lowest part of the Himalayas. They are
hills covered with thick forests. Many villages are in this region. The
villagers grow crops like- rice, potato and other vegetables here to
earn their living. Many wild animals are also found in this region. In the
north-east lie the Purvanchal ranges. These ranges are not very high
and include hills like- Garo, Khasi, Mizo and Lushai. These hills are
covered with very thick forests. In the north-west lie the Karakoram
ranges. Mount Godwin Austin lies in these ranges.
FAST
Which is the second highest peak of the India?
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